Commandline PDF Manipulation

Want to do any of the following from a *NIX based system commandline with PDF documents:

• Merge PDF Documents

• Split PDF Pages into a New Document

• Rotate PDF Pages or Documents

• Decrypt Input as Necessary (Password Required)

• Encrypt Output as Desired

• Fill PDF Forms with FDF Data or XFDF Data and/or Flatten Forms

• Apply a Background Watermark or a Foreground Stamp

• Report on PDF Metrics such as Metadata, Bookmarks, and Page Labels

• Update PDF Metadata

• Attach Files to PDF Pages or the PDF Document

• Unpack PDF Attachments

• Burst a PDF Document into Single Pages

• Uncompress and Re-Compress Page Streams

• Repair Corrupted PDF

One way to accomplish any of these would be to use pdftk (PDF Toolkit).

Something I need to do quite often is concatenate (join) several PDF documents into one document. This can quite trivially be achieved with the following from the commandline:

$ pdftk 01.pdf 02.pdf cat output all_together_now.pdf

Above we concatenated 01.pdf and 02.pdf to form the new combined all_together_now.pdf document.